Theoretical Yield Calculator
Theoretical Yield Calculator
Enter a balanced equation’s coefficients, your reactant masses, and the product’s molar mass. The tool finds the limiting reactant and computes the theoretical yield. Optionally add your actual yield to get percent yield.
Theoretical yield is the amount of product calculated from the balanced chemical equation. The formula in chemistry is: Theoretical Yield=Moles of Limiting Reactant×Molar Mass of Product
Explanation:
- If non-stoichiometric amounts are used theoretical yield is calculated from limiting reactant.
- is is also known as calculated yield or expected yield.
- This is maximum yield of a product that can be produced in a chemical reaction.
- it is always greater than actual yield.
How to calculate theoretical yield.
- Multiply by the molar mass of the product to get the theoretical yield (in grams).
- Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
- Find the limiting reactant (the reactant that runs out first).
- Convert the mass of the limiting reactant to moles.
- Use stoichiometry (mole ratio from the equation) to find moles of the desired product.
Example:
If the balanced equation is:
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
And you have 4 g of H₂ (molar mass = 2 g/mol) and excess O₂:
- Moles of H₂: 4/2=2 mol
- Mole ratio: 2 mol H2 → 2 mol H2O
- Moles of H₂O = 2 mol
- Mass of H₂O = 2×18 g/mol=36 g
✅ TY = 36 g of water.
Actual Yield:
The actual yield is the amount of product you really get from a chemical reaction:The formula of actual yield in chemistry is Actual Yield=Measured amount of product obtained from the reaction.
Explanation:
- it is also known as experimental yield.
- Although limiting reactant controls it yet, it is not calculated from limiting reactant.
- It is measured by weighing the purified and dried product from the chemical reaction.
- It is mostly in less amount as compared to the theoretical yield.
Reason of low Yield:
Actual yield is mostly less than TY due to the following reasons:
- Mechanical loss of product during
- Filtration
- separation by distillation
- separation by separating funnels
- washing
- drying
- crystallization etc.
2. Reactions are reversible
3. Side reactions take place which reduce the amount of required product.
Percent Yield Definition:
The yield which is obtained by dividing actual yield with TY and multiplying by 100 is called percent yield.
\text{Percent Yield} = \frac{\text{Actual Yield}}{\text{Theoretical Yield}} \times 100
Significance:
- % yield indicates efficiency of reaction.
- More is the % yield, higher will be the efficiency of reaction.
Difference between theoretical Yield and actual yield
| Theoretical yield | Actual yield |
| It is the amount of product which is calculated from balanced chemical equation. | It is the amount of product which is actually obtained in chemical reaction. |
| It is also known as calculated or expected yield. | It is also known as experimental yield. |
| It is always greater than actual yield. | It is mostly in less amount as compared to the TY. This is maximum yield of a product that can be produced in a chemical reaction. |
| This is maximum yield of a product that can be produced in a chemical reaction | It is obtained by weighing the purified and dried product obtained as a result of chemical reaction. |
| If non-stoichiometric amounts are used, TY is calculated from limiting reactant. | Although limiting reactant controls it yet, it is not calculated from limiting reactant. |